Educational Model Based on Health Belief Model to Increase the Resilience of People with Type - 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Experimental Embedded Mixed Methods Study

Deaths from diabetes are very high in
Indonesia. This shows that the resilience of people with
diabetes is very low. Low resilience is a result of poor self�care behavior in people with diabetes. This study aimed to
produce an educational model based on Health Belief
Model, and determine the effectiveness of the educational
model to increase the resilience of people with type-2
diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study used mixed methods
with an experimental embedded design. Informants in the
qualitative study totaled seven people. The qualitative
study was conducted to explore the health belief model as
well as identify the risk and asset factors associated with
the resilience of people with T2DM. The educational model
designed from a qualitative study was tested on 28
respondents in Pancur Batu District, Indonesia. Before
being given education, the assessments of behavioral
resilience (diabetes self-care) and health resilience (HbA1c
levels) were carried out. Diabetes self-care behavior was
measured using the summary diabetes self-care
activities (SDSCA) instrument. Diabetes self-care and
HbA1c levels were measured again after three months and
six months from the baseline to see the effectiveness of the
educational program. The Cochran test showed that there
was a significant increase in the resilience of people with
T2DM after taking the HBM-based education program
(p<0.01). The educational model based on HBM is
effective in increasing the resilience of people with T2DM;
therefore, this educational model should be applied to
increase the resilience and quality of life of people with
diabetes at health centers.