RISK FACTORS FOR RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME IN NEWBORN BABIES

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), also known in Bahasa as Penyakit Membran Hyaline
(PMH), is a respiratory disorder commonly occurs in premature babies with symptoms such as
the following like chest retraction tachypnea, cyanosis due to stagnant and worsening room air at
48-96 hours of life using a specific chest X-ray. The cause is a lack of surfactant. In Southeast
Asia, the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in premature babies is RDS (Respiratory
Distress Syndrome ). Based on medical records data from Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sidikalang
(Sidikalang Regional General Hospital) in 2019 for the period January to June, the number of
newborn patients treated in the perinatology room was 366 (three hundred and sixty six) babies,
and around 60% suffered respiratory problems like RDS. This research is an analytical
observational study with a cross sectional approach. The sample population of this research was
320 newborns treated in the perinatology room at Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sidikalang from
January to June 2019, with total sampling carried out. The results of this study showed that the
risk factors Respiratory Distress Syndrome for newborns at the Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah
Sidikalang are gestational age with value p 0.001, and the type of delivery with value p 0.000 and
neonatal asphyxia with value p 0.000, while birth weight and gender has not been proven to be a
risk factor for RDS. It is necessary to educate pregnant women to avoid caesarean section
deliveries without indications.
Keywords : RDS, risk factors, newborn babies